<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:28:34 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-11 20:36:50 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0000321</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB00321</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>2-Hydroxyadipic acid</name>
  <description/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyadipate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyhexanedioic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyhexanedioate</synonym>
    <synonym>2,3,4-Trideoxyhexarate</synonym>
    <synonym>2,3,4-Trideoxyhexaric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-adipate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-adipic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-hexanedioate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-hexanedioic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxyadipate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxyadipic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxyadipate</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Hydroxyadipic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-2-Hydroxyadipate</synonym>
    <synonym>DL-2-Hydroxyadipic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C6H10O5</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>162.1406</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>162.05282343</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>2-hydroxyhexanedioic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>α-hydroxyadipic acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>18294-85-4</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC(CCCC(O)=O)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C6H10O5/c7-4(6(10)11)2-1-3-5(8)9/h4,7H,1-3H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)</inchi>
  <inchikey>OTTXIFWBPRRYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lipids and lipid-like molecules</super_class>
    <class>Fatty Acyls</class>
    <sub_class>Fatty acids and conjugates</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Medium-chain fatty acids</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydroxy fatty acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monosaccharides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydroxy acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxy acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxy fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Medium-chain fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monosaccharide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Dicarboxylic acids</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-0.79</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-0.36</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-0.38</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>3.44</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-3.8</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>2-hydroxyhexanedioic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>162.1406</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>162.05282343</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>OC(CCCC(O)=O)C(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C6H10O5</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C6H10O5/c7-4(6(10)11)2-1-3-5(8)9/h4,7H,1-3H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>OTTXIFWBPRRYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>94.83</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>34.23</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>14.88</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>5</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>5</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1273</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>409</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>410</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>411</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1341</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>24709</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31125</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37429</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>162375</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058385</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058387</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058389</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058390</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058392</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058394</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058395</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058397</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058399</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058401</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058403</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058405</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1058407</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1330</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143470</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143471</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143472</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143473</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143474</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143475</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143476</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143477</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143478</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143479</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143480</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143481</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143482</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143483</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143484</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143485</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143486</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143487</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143488</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>143489</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>534</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>535</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>536</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>320698</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>320699</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>320700</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>368143</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>368144</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>368145</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2227306</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2227394</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2229763</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2325894</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2325895</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2325896</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2612266</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2612267</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2612268</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Placenta</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <chemspider_id>167943</chemspider_id>
  <foodb_id>FDB021947</foodb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>193530</pubchem_compound_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <kegg_id>C02360</kegg_id>
  <chebi_id>17023</chebi_id>
  <knapsack_id/>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <metlin_id>5310</metlin_id>
  <synthesis_reference>Griot, Rudolf. a-Hydroxyadipic acid.  Helvetica Chimica Acta  (1958),  41  2236-41.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
