<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:28:11 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-11 20:08:10 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0000307</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB00307</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>1b-Hydroxycholic acid</name>
  <description>1b-Hydroxycholic acid, also known as 1b-hydroxycholate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tetrahydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives. These are prenol lipids structurally characterized by a bile acid or alcohol which bears four hydroxyl groups. 1b-Hydroxycholic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. 1b-Hydroxycholic acid exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>1b,3a,7a,12a-Tetrahydroxy-5b-cholan-24-oate</synonym>
    <synonym>1b,3a,7a,12a-Tetrahydroxy-5b-cholan-24-oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1b,3a,7a,12a-Tetrahydroxy-5b-cholanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>1b,3a,7a,12a-Tetrahydroxy-5b-cholanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1b-Hydroxycholate</synonym>
    <synonym>(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,3R,5S,7S,9R,10S,11S,14R,15R,16S)-3,5,9,16-Tetrahydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(1beta,3alpha,5beta,7alpha,12alpha)-1,3,7,12-Tetrahydroxycholan-24-oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(1β,3α,5β,7α,12α)-1,3,7,12-Tetrahydroxycholan-24-oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1beta,3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-Tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1beta,3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-Tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1beta-Hydroxycholic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1β,3α,7α,12α-Tetrahydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1β,3α,7α,12α-Tetrahydroxy-5β-cholanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1β-Hydroxycholic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C24H40O6</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>424.5708</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>424.282489012</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,3R,5S,7S,9R,10S,11S,14R,15R,16S)-3,5,9,16-tetrahydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,3R,5S,7S,9R,10S,11S,14R,15R,16S)-3,5,9,16-tetrahydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoic acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>80875-94-1</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])[C@H](O)C[C@]4([H])C[C@H](O)C[C@@H](O)[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])C[C@H](O)[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCC(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C24H40O6/c1-12(4-7-21(29)30)15-5-6-16-22-17(11-20(28)24(15,16)3)23(2)13(9-18(22)26)8-14(25)10-19(23)27/h12-20,22,25-28H,4-11H2,1-3H3,(H,29,30)/t12-,13+,14+,15-,16+,17+,18-,19-,20+,22+,23+,24-/m1/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>UYVVLXVBEQAATF-WAIVXGPNSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tetrahydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives. These are prenol lipids structurally characterized by a bile acid or alcohol which bears four hydroxyl groups.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lipids and lipid-like molecules</super_class>
    <class>Steroids and steroid derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Tetrahydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxysteroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>12-hydroxysteroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>3-alpha-hydroxysteroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>7-hydroxysteroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Cyclic alcohols and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Polyols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>12-hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>3-alpha-hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>3-hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>7-hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Cyclic alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Polyol</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Tetrahydroxy bile acid, alcohol, or derivatives</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>C24 bile acids, alcohols, and derivatives</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.34</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-2.99</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.18</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>4.48</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-0.19</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,3R,5S,7S,9R,10S,11S,14R,15R,16S)-3,5,9,16-tetrahydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>424.5708</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>424.282489012</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])[C@H](O)C[C@]4([H])C[C@H](O)C[C@@H](O)[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])C[C@H](O)[C@]12C)[C@H](C)CCC(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C24H40O6</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C24H40O6/c1-12(4-7-21(29)30)15-5-6-16-22-17(11-20(28)24(15,16)3)23(2)13(9-18(22)26)8-14(25)10-19(23)27/h12-20,22,25-28H,4-11H2,1-3H3,(H,29,30)/t12-,13+,14+,15-,16+,17+,18-,19-,20+,22+,23+,24-/m1/s1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>UYVVLXVBEQAATF-WAIVXGPNSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>118.22</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>112.26</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>47.72</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>6</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>5</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>319420</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>319421</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>319422</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>366529</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>366530</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>366531</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2303016</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2303017</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2303018</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3065294</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3065295</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3065296</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>24109</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37416</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>166386</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057508</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057510</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057512</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057514</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057516</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057518</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057520</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057522</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057524</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057525</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057527</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057529</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057531</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057533</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057535</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057537</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057539</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057541</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057543</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057545</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057547</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1057549</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Gallbladder</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Intestine</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>By GC-TOFMS and UPLC-QTOFMS</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Qian L, Zhao A, Zhang Y, Chen T, Zeisel SH, Jia W, Cai W: Metabolomic Approaches to Explore Chemical Diversity of Human Breast-Milk, Formula Milk and Bovine Milk. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Dec 17;17(12). pii: ijms17122128. doi: 10.3390/ijms17122128.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>27999311</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB021934</foodb_id>
  <chemspider_id>4446981</chemspider_id>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>5283893</pubchem_compound_id>
  <knapsack_id/>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <metlin_id>5296</metlin_id>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <synthesis_reference>Tohma, Masahiko; Mahara, Reijiro; Takeshita, Hiromi; Kurosawa, Takao; Ikegawa, Shigeo; Nittono, Hiroshi. Synthesis of the 1b-hydroxylated bile acids and identification of 1b,3a,7a-trihydroxy- and 1b,3a,7a,12a-tetrahydroxy-5b-cholan-24-oic acids in human meconium. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1985 Jul;33(7):3071-3. Pubmed: 4085062</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Qian L, Zhao A, Zhang Y, Chen T, Zeisel SH, Jia W, Cai W: Metabolomic Approaches to Explore Chemical Diversity of Human Breast-Milk, Formula Milk and Bovine Milk. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Dec 17;17(12). pii: ijms17122128. doi: 10.3390/ijms17122128.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>27999311</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
